Reading a foreign exchange quote may seem a bit confusing at first. However, it's really quite simple if you remember two things: 1) The first currency listed first is the base currency and 2) the value of the base currency is always 1. Meaning a quote of USD/JPY 122.04 is the same as, 1 US Dollar (USD) is equal to 122.04 Japanese Yen (JPY).!

When the U.S. dollar is the base unit and a currency quote goes up, it means the dollar has appreciated in value and the other currency has weakened. Using the above example as a reference, if the USD/JPY increases to 122.51, the dollar is stronger because it will now buy more yen than before.

The four exceptions to this rule are the British pound (GBP), the Euro (EUR), the Australian dollar (AUD) and the New Zealand dollar (NZD). In these cases, you might see a quote such as GBP/USD 1.4197, meaning that one British pound equals 1.4197 U.S. dollars.

In these three currency pairs, where the U.S. dollar is not the base rate, a rising quote means a weakening dollar, as it now takes more U.S. dollars to equal one pound, euro or Australian dollar.

In other words, if a currency quote goes higher, that increases the value of the base currency. A lower quote means the base currency is weakening.

Currency pairs that do not involve the U.S. dollar are called cross currencies, but the premise is the same. For example, a quote of EUR/JPY 127.95 signifies that one Euro is equal to 127.95 Japanese yen.

When trading Forex you will often see a two-sided quote, consisting of a 'bid' and 'offer'. The 'bid' is the price at which you can sell the base currency (at the same time buying the counter currency). The 'ask' is the price at which you can buy the base currency (at the same time selling the counter currency).